"The Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Waterflooding" by Forrest F Craig Jr.

This Monograph ts devoted to the reservoir engineering aspects of waterflooding, which in simple terms means a quantitative understanding of how water displaces oil from reservoir rock. This includes the prediction of the water injection rates, oil producing rates, producing water-oil ratios, and cumulative oil recovery at various times in the future.

One objective of this Monograph is to provide a comprehensive presentation and critique of the available information dealing with the reservoir engineering aspects of waterflooding. This Monograph is aimed at the practicing engineer, allowing him to re-educate himself on the subject, and at the same time serving as an objective and authoritative reference book. The detailed mathematical derivations and example calculations are presented in the Appendices, so that the Monograph itself can emphasize the use of these equations to obtain a quantitative understanding of waterflooding.






Contents

l. Introduction
2. Basic Water-Oil Flow Properties of Reservoir Rock
3. Efficiency of Oil Displacement by Water
4. Mobility Ratio Concept
5. Areal Sweep Efficiency
6. Reservoir Heterogeneity
7. Vertical and Volumetric Sweep Efficiencies
8. Methods of Predicting Waterflood Performance
9. Pilot Waterflooding
10. Conclusion
Appendix A: Derivation of Fractional Flow Equation
Appendix B: Derivation of the Frontal Advance Equation
Appendix C: Alternative Derivation of Welge's Equation
Appendix D: Additional Published Design Charts and Correlations
Appendix E: Example Calculations
Nomenclature
Bibliography
Author Index
Subject Index