Hindi and Urdu Since 1800: A Common Reader
Hindi and Urdu Since 1800: A Common Reader
Publisher: Heritage | 1990 | ISBN-10: 8170261627 | ISBN-13: 978 8170261629 | English | PDF | 222 pages | 22.77 Mb
Publisher: Heritage | 1990 | ISBN-10: 8170261627 | ISBN-13: 978 8170261629 | English | PDF | 222 pages | 22.77 Mb
This study of the history and development of modern Hindi and Urdu looks at the composite ancestry of these sister languages in Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit and English. The main section of the book consists of a series of sample passages in Urdu and Hindi; each passage represents a stage in the development of the language and has some aspect of language itself as its primary focus.
INTRODUCTION
Part I: THE EVOLUTION OF HINDI AND URDU
1. The relationship between Hindi and Urdu
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The Indo-Aryan context 2
The impact of Muslim rule 3
Medieval Hindi 4
Classical Urdu 5
2. The British Raj
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The impact of British rule 6
The heyday of Urdu 8
The rise of modern Hindi 10
3. Before and after Independence
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The Urdu-Hindi-Hindustani debate 12
Hindi in India 13
Urdu in India and Pakistan 15
4. The range of Hindi and Urdu
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Hindustani-Urdu-Hindi 17
The range of Urdu 17
The range of Hindi 19
Part II: THE LINGUISTIC COMPONENTS OF HINDI AND URDU
5. The basic components of Hindi and Urdu
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Phonology 24
Hindi script and transcription 26
Urdu script and transcription 27
Hindi-Urdu contrasts 27
Lexicon 28
Indo-Aryan etymologies 28
Semantic range 30
Word formation 31
Compounds 32
Morphology 32
Pronouns 32
Parts of the verb 33
Syntax 33
Pre-modifiers 34
Indigenous resources 34
6. The Sanskrit component
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Phonology and script 36
Sandhi 37
Guṇa and Vṛddhi 38
Lexicon 39
Prefixes 39
Suffixes 41
Vowel changes 43
Numerals 43
Compounds 43
Morphology 44
Gender 45
Adjectives 45
Pronouns 45
Syntax 45
7. The Arabic component
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Phonology 47
Script 48
Lexicon 49
Derived verbal forms 50
Other derived forms 51
Morphology 52
Gender 52
Declension 52
Duals and sound plurals 53
Broken plurals 54
Adjectives 56
Syntax 57
Possessive phrases 57
Prepositional phrases 58
Arabic sentence structure 59
8. The Persian component
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Phonology 60
Script 61
Lexicon 62
Prefixes 62
Suffixes 63
Verbal suffixes 65
Numerals 67
Compounds 67
Morphology 68
Nouns 68
Adjectives 68
Pronouns 69
Verbs 69
Syntax 70
Izafat phrases 70
Copular phrases 70
Prepositional phrases 71
Compound prepositions 71
Phrase-verbs 72
Sentence-structure 72
9. The English component
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Phonology 73
Script 75
Lexicon 75
Word-building 75
Use of English loans 75
Calques from English 76
Morphology 77
Syntax 77
Bibliography
|| THE TEXTS ||
1. (U) Mir Amman, Bāǧ o bahār (1801) 85
2. (H) Insha Allah Khan, Rānī Ketkī kī kahānī (c. 1803) 89
3. (U) Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, Letter to Tufta (1862) 93
4. (U) Sayyid Ahmad Khan, Musāfirān-e Landan (1869) 97
5. (H) Bharatendu Harishchandra, Dillī darbār darpaṇ (1877) 101
6. (U) Altaf Husain Hali, Muqaddimâ (1893) 105
7. (H) Badrinarayan Chaudhri Premghan, Hamārī deś kī bhāṣā aur akṣar (1895) 109
8. (H) Balmukund Gupta, Hindī meṅ ‘bindī’ (1900) 113
9. (U) D.C. Phillott, Xẉāb o xayāl (1910) 117
10. (U) Abdul Haq, Qavā‘id-e urdū (1914) 121
11. (U) Abdul Halim Sharar, Guzaštâ Lakhnaū (c. 1920) 125
12. (H) Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi, Kavi kartavya (1921/22) 129
13. (U) Mirza Farhatullah Beg, Nazīr Ahmad kī kahānī (c. 1925) 133
14. (U) Abul Kalam Azad, Tarjumān ul Qurān (1930) 137
15. (H) Premchand, Urdū hindī aur hindustānī (1939) 141
16. (H) M.K. Gandhi, Correspondence with P.D. Tandon (1945) 145
17. (H) Ramchandra Varma, Acchī hindī (1946) 149
18. (U) Sajjad Zaheer, Urdū hindī hindustānī (1947) 153
19. (H) Rajendra Prasad, Ātmakathā (1947) 157
20. (H) Rahul Sankrityayan, Merī jīvan-yātrā (1952) 161
21. (H) Harivanshray Bachchan, Kyā bhūlūṅ kyā yād karūṅ? (1969) 165
22. (U) Kausar Niyazi, Urdū zabān kī ahammiyat (1972) 169
23. (H) Ramvilas Sharma, Nirālā kī sāhitya sādhanā (1972) 173
24. (U) Ainul Haq Faridkoti, Urdū zabān kī qadīm tārīx (1972) 177
Hindi-Urdu Glossary
Urdu-English Glossary
Index of Terms
Part I: THE EVOLUTION OF HINDI AND URDU
1. The relationship between Hindi and Urdu
download pdf of section
The Indo-Aryan context 2
The impact of Muslim rule 3
Medieval Hindi 4
Classical Urdu 5
2. The British Raj
download pdf of section
The impact of British rule 6
The heyday of Urdu 8
The rise of modern Hindi 10
3. Before and after Independence
download pdf of section
The Urdu-Hindi-Hindustani debate 12
Hindi in India 13
Urdu in India and Pakistan 15
4. The range of Hindi and Urdu
download pdf of section
Hindustani-Urdu-Hindi 17
The range of Urdu 17
The range of Hindi 19
Part II: THE LINGUISTIC COMPONENTS OF HINDI AND URDU
5. The basic components of Hindi and Urdu
download pdf of section
Phonology 24
Hindi script and transcription 26
Urdu script and transcription 27
Hindi-Urdu contrasts 27
Lexicon 28
Indo-Aryan etymologies 28
Semantic range 30
Word formation 31
Compounds 32
Morphology 32
Pronouns 32
Parts of the verb 33
Syntax 33
Pre-modifiers 34
Indigenous resources 34
6. The Sanskrit component
download pdf of section
Phonology and script 36
Sandhi 37
Guṇa and Vṛddhi 38
Lexicon 39
Prefixes 39
Suffixes 41
Vowel changes 43
Numerals 43
Compounds 43
Morphology 44
Gender 45
Adjectives 45
Pronouns 45
Syntax 45
7. The Arabic component
download pdf of section
Phonology 47
Script 48
Lexicon 49
Derived verbal forms 50
Other derived forms 51
Morphology 52
Gender 52
Declension 52
Duals and sound plurals 53
Broken plurals 54
Adjectives 56
Syntax 57
Possessive phrases 57
Prepositional phrases 58
Arabic sentence structure 59
8. The Persian component
download pdf of section
Phonology 60
Script 61
Lexicon 62
Prefixes 62
Suffixes 63
Verbal suffixes 65
Numerals 67
Compounds 67
Morphology 68
Nouns 68
Adjectives 68
Pronouns 69
Verbs 69
Syntax 70
Izafat phrases 70
Copular phrases 70
Prepositional phrases 71
Compound prepositions 71
Phrase-verbs 72
Sentence-structure 72
9. The English component
download pdf of section
Phonology 73
Script 75
Lexicon 75
Word-building 75
Use of English loans 75
Calques from English 76
Morphology 77
Syntax 77
Bibliography
|| THE TEXTS ||
1. (U) Mir Amman, Bāǧ o bahār (1801) 85
2. (H) Insha Allah Khan, Rānī Ketkī kī kahānī (c. 1803) 89
3. (U) Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, Letter to Tufta (1862) 93
4. (U) Sayyid Ahmad Khan, Musāfirān-e Landan (1869) 97
5. (H) Bharatendu Harishchandra, Dillī darbār darpaṇ (1877) 101
6. (U) Altaf Husain Hali, Muqaddimâ (1893) 105
7. (H) Badrinarayan Chaudhri Premghan, Hamārī deś kī bhāṣā aur akṣar (1895) 109
8. (H) Balmukund Gupta, Hindī meṅ ‘bindī’ (1900) 113
9. (U) D.C. Phillott, Xẉāb o xayāl (1910) 117
10. (U) Abdul Haq, Qavā‘id-e urdū (1914) 121
11. (U) Abdul Halim Sharar, Guzaštâ Lakhnaū (c. 1920) 125
12. (H) Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi, Kavi kartavya (1921/22) 129
13. (U) Mirza Farhatullah Beg, Nazīr Ahmad kī kahānī (c. 1925) 133
14. (U) Abul Kalam Azad, Tarjumān ul Qurān (1930) 137
15. (H) Premchand, Urdū hindī aur hindustānī (1939) 141
16. (H) M.K. Gandhi, Correspondence with P.D. Tandon (1945) 145
17. (H) Ramchandra Varma, Acchī hindī (1946) 149
18. (U) Sajjad Zaheer, Urdū hindī hindustānī (1947) 153
19. (H) Rajendra Prasad, Ātmakathā (1947) 157
20. (H) Rahul Sankrityayan, Merī jīvan-yātrā (1952) 161
21. (H) Harivanshray Bachchan, Kyā bhūlūṅ kyā yād karūṅ? (1969) 165
22. (U) Kausar Niyazi, Urdū zabān kī ahammiyat (1972) 169
23. (H) Ramvilas Sharma, Nirālā kī sāhitya sādhanā (1972) 173
24. (U) Ainul Haq Faridkoti, Urdū zabān kī qadīm tārīx (1972) 177
Hindi-Urdu Glossary
Urdu-English Glossary
Index of Terms
Hindi and Urdu Since 1800: A Common Reader
