Russian Philosophy, Volume 2: The Nihilists; The Populists; Critics of Religion and Culture

The second half of the nineteenth century in Russian philosophy sees it more or less definitive triumph of Westernizing currents over the Slavophiles. There is no doubt that both Nihilism and Populism as successive schools of Russian philosophy, are the authentic progeny of the senior Westernizers—though in the development of their philosophical doctrine they owe much less to German Romanticism than to British utilitarianism, French positivism, and the socialism of left-wing Hegelians. Toward the end of the century these philosopher come increasingly under the influence of the scientific socialism of Karl Marx.