B.Sc. Chemistry III

Solutions
Reversible and irreversible cells. Concept of EMF of a cell. Measurement of EMF of a cell. Nernst equation and its
importance. Types of electrodes. Standard electrode potential. Electrochemical series. Thermodynamics of a
reversible cell, calculation of thermodynamic properties: G, H and S from EMF data.
Calculation of equilibrium constant from EMF data. Concentration cells with transference and without transference.
Liquid junction potential and salt bridge.
pH determination using hydrogen electrode and quinhydrone electrode.
Potentiometric titrations -qualitative treatment (acid-base and oxidation-reduction only). (8 Lectures)
Section B: Organic Chemistry-3 (30 Lectures)
Functional group approach for the following reactions (preparations & reactions) to be studied in context to their
structure.
Preparation: Acidic and Alkaline hydrolysis of esters.
Carboxylic acid derivatives (aliphatic): (Upto 5 carbons)
Preparation: Acid chlorides, Anhydrides, Esters and Amides from acids and their interconversion.
Reactions: Comparative study of nucleophilicity of acyl derivatives. Reformatsky Reaction, Perkin condensation.
(6 Lectures)
Amines and Diazonium Salts
Amines (Aliphatic and Aromatic): (Upto 5 carbons)
Preparation: from alkyl halides, Gabriel’s Phthalimide synthesis, Hofmann Bromamide reaction.
Reactions: Hofmann vs. Saytzeff elimination, Carbylamine test, Hinsberg test, with HNO2, Schotten – Baumann
Reactions: Electrophilic substitution (case aniline): nitration, bromination, sulphonation.
Diazonium salts: Preparation: from aromatic amines.
Reactions: conversion to benzene, phenol, dyes. (6 Lectures)
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins:
Preparation of Amino Acids: Strecker synthesis using Gabriel’s phthalimide synthesis. Zwitterion, Isoelectric
Overview of Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary Structure of proteins.