This volume contains a number of recent researches on synthesis, growth, characterization, development, and potential applications on carbon materials especially CNTs in nanoscale. It is a promising novel research from top to bottom that has received a lot of interest in the last few decades. It covers the advanced topics on the physical, chemical, and potential applications of CNTs.

This book offers a completely new approach to learning and teaching the fundamentals of analytical chemistry. It summarizes 250 basic concepts of the field on the basis of slides.

Over the past four decades polymers containing imide groups (usually as build ing blocks of the polymer backbone) have attracted increasing interest of sci entists engaged in fundamental research as well as that of companies looking into their application and commercialization. This situation will apparently continue in the future and justifies that from time to time reviews be published which sum up the current state of knowledge in this field. Imide groups may impart a variety of useful properties to pol~'mers, e. g. , thermal stability chain stiffness, crystallinity, mesogenic properties, photoreactivity etc. These lead to a broad variety of potential applications.

Provides three papers on advances in polymer science: Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Octa-Arm Polyisobutylene-Based Star Polymers, Polymerization by Metalloporphyrin and Related Complexes, and Interpolymer Complexation and Miscibility Enhancement by Hydrogen Bonding.

Molecular manipulation of nano- and microstructures paves the way to produce organic polymer materials by design. Such architectures comprise both the synthesis and the kinetics and thermodynamics of macromolecular organization and is the theme of this volume. The book consists of four articles reviewing living polymerization to produce precisely defined linear polyesters, comparing them to other living polymerization techniques. The articles also deal with the synthesis of polymeric dendrimers, either by the convergent or divergent approach; block copolymers synthesis, to define micromorphology in high performance polymers; and thereby tailoring their thermal, chemical, mechanical and dielectrical properties, and finally kinetics and thermodynamics for microstructural organization in macroporous thermosets.

This series presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science, including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics and materials science. This book contains reports on the physics and chemistry of polymers.

Epoxy resins are regarded as thermosetting resins and have found various c- mercial applications after crosslinking with adequate curing agents [1–3]. H- ever, some epoxy resins have been used as thermoplastic resins without curing agents. Figure 1 shows the applications of epoxy resins that are classi?ed to three categories: thermosets in combination with curing agents, thermoplastics wi- out curing agents, and raw materials for modi?cation.

The two volumes "New Developments in Polymer Analytics" deal with recent progress in the characterization of polymers, mostly in solution but also at sur faces. Despite the fact that almost all of the described techniques are getting on in years, the contributions are expected to meet the readers interest because either the methods are newly applied to polymers or the instrumentation has achieved a major breakthrough leading to an enhanced utilization by polymer scientists.

The two volumes "New Developments in Polymer Analytics" deal with recent progress in the characterization of polymers, mostly in solution but also at s- faces. Despite the fact that almost all of the described techniques are getting on in years, the contributions are expected to meet the readers interest because either the methods are newly applied to polymers or the instrumentation has achieved a major breakthrough leading to an enhanced utilizaton by polymer scientists.

Over the last decade our view of chemistry has evolved substantially. Whereas individual researchers previously focused on specific areas of chemistry, such as inorganic, organic, etc. we now take a more holistic approach. Effective and efficient research projects now incorporate whatever aspects of the chemistry subdisciplines that are needed to complete the intended work. The main group elements have always been used in this manner. Depending on the use of the elements, the resulting work can be described under any heading of chemistry.

The present volume is a description of the current knowledge on the different metal-oxo and metal-peroxo species which are involved in catalytic oxidations. These highly reactivity metal-oxygen species are the key intermediates in heme or non-heme oxygenases, as well as in metal-catalyzed oxidations. The accumulated knowledge on these reactive entities will facilitate a better understanding of the different intermediates involved in the catalytic cycles of enzymes like cytochromes P-450, non-heme oxygenases, copper oxygenases, in the oxidation of water by the manganese-center of Photosystem II, in the chemistry of dioxiranes and also in DNA cleavage performed by activated bleomycin. The description of these metal-oxo and metal-peroxo species is based on physico-chemical data, reactivity results and also on theoretical calculations.