The book offers a transdisciplinary eco-systemic framework for analysis of ecosystems. It uses eight dimensions (economic-social-political-environmen-tal) and 40 factors to diagnose degenerating ecosystems and to synthesize regenerative ecosystems amid growing uncertainty, and inequality in the Anthropocene.

103 Trigonometry Problems contains highly-selected problems and solutions used in the training and testing of the USA International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) team. Though many problems may initially appear impenetrable to the novice, most can be solved using only elementary high school mathematics techniques.

Many people think there is only one “right” way to teach geometry. For two millennia, the “right” way was Euclid’s way, and it is still good in many respects. But in the 1950s the cry “Down with triangles!” was heard in France and new geometry books appeared, packed with linear algebra but with no diagrams. Was this the new “right” way, or was the “right” way something else again, perhaps transformation groups? In this book, I wish to show that geometry can be developed in four fundamentally different ways, and that all should be used if the subject is to be shown in all its splendor. Euclid-style construction and axiomatics seem the best way to start, but linear algebra smooths the later stages by replacing some tortuous arguments by simple calculations. And how can one avoid projective geometry? It not only explains why objects look the way they do; it also explains why geometry is entangled with algebra. Finally, one needs to know that there is not one geometry, but many, and transformation groups are the best way to distinguish between them. Two chapters are devoted to each approach: The ?rst is concrete and introductory, whereas the second is more abstract. Thus, the ?rst chapter on Euclid is about straightedge and compass constructions; the second is about axioms and theorems. The ?rst chapter on linear algebra is about coordinates; the second is about vector spaces and the inner product.

Advanced Real Analysis systematically develops those concepts and tools in real analysis that are vital to every mathematician, whether pure or applied, aspiring or established. Along with a companion volume Basic Real Analysis (available separately or together as a Set), these works present a comprehensive treatment with a global view of the subject, emphasizing the connections between real analysis and other branches of mathematics.

Ce livre est une initiation aux approches modernes de l’optimisation mathématique de formes. On y développe la méthodologie ainsi que les outils d’analyse mathématique et de géométrie nécessaires à l’étude des variations de domaines. On y trouve une étude systématique des questions géométriques associées à l’opérateur de Laplace, de la capacité classique, de la dérivation par rapport à une forme, ainsi qu’un FAQ sur les topologies usuelles sur les domaines et sur les propriétés géométriques des formes optimales avec ce qui se passe quand elles n’existent pas, le tout avec une importante bibliographie.

Systèmes multi-échelles est une introduction à la problématique des systèmes multi-échelles du point de vue du mathématicien appliqué. Il se compose d'une mosaique d'exemples dont le seul lien est d'appartenir à la très grande famille des problèmes issus de la physique au sens large qui présentent pour leur modélisation et leur simulation cette difficulté essentielle de comporter en leur sein des échelles de temps ou d'espace très différentes.

Par sa nature pluridisciplinaire, ce livre s'adresse à un large public de mathématiciens, physiciens et ingénieurs s'intéressant aux aspects théoriques des phénomènes périodiques, de même qu'aux étudiants en sciences de la vie intéressés par les outils mathématiques de la modélisation. Les oscillations complexes mises en évidence dans les systèmes physiologiques s'analysent par des modèles. Cet ouvrage se propose de présenter et de développer les mathématiques nécessaires à leur compréhension. On présente en particulier les notions d'excitabilité, de bistabilité, de synchronisation et d'oscillations en salves dans le cadre de l'analyse qualitative.

This work is aimed at an audience with a sound mathematical background wishing to learn about the rapidly expanding ?eld of mathematical ?nance. Its content is suitable particularly for graduate students in mathematics who have a background in measure theory and probability. The emphasis throughout is on developing the mathematical concepts required for the theory within the context of their application. No attempt is made to cover the bewildering variety of novel (or ‘exotic’) ?nancial - struments that now appear on the derivatives markets; the focus throu- out remains on a rigorous development of the more basic options that lie at the heart of the remarkable range of current applications of martingale theory to ?nancial markets. The ?rst ?ve chapters present the theory in a discrete-time framework. Stochastic calculus is not required, and this material should be accessible to anyone familiar with elementary probability theory and linear algebra. The basic idea of pricing by arbitrage (or, rather, by non-arbitrage) is presented in Chapter 1. The unique price for a European option in a single-period binomial model is given and then extended to multi-period binomial models. Chapter 2 introduces the idea of a martingale measure for price processes. Following a discussion of the use of self-?nancing tr- ing strategies to hedge against trading risk, it is shown how options can be priced using an equivalent measure for which the discounted price p- cess is a martingale.

Measure, Integral and Probability is a gentle introduction that makes measure and integration theory accessible to the average third-year undergraduate student. The ideas are developed at an easy pace in a form that is suitable for self-study, with an emphasis on clear explanations and concrete examples rather than abstract theory. For this second edition, the text has been thoroughly revised and expanded. New features include: · a substantial new chapter, featuring a constructive proof of the Radon-Nikodym theorem, an analysis of the structure of Lebesgue-Stieltjes measures, the Hahn-Jordan decomposition, and a brief introduction to martingales · key aspects of financial modelling, including the Black-Scholes formula, discussed briefly from a measure-theoretical perspective to help the reader understand the underlying mathematical framework. In addition, further exercises and examples are provided to encourage the reader to become directly involved with the material.

In this book the author presents a new approach to the study of weakly structurable dynamic systems. It differs from other approaches by considering time as a source of fuzzy uncertainty in dynamic systems. It begins with a thorough introduction, where the general research domain, the problems, and ways of their solutions are discussed. The book then progresses systematically by first covering the theoretical aspects before tackling the applications. In the application section, a software library is described, which contains discrete EFDS identification methods elaborated during fundamental research of the book.

When elementary courses in discrete and combinatorial mathematics first became popular, they usually covered a broad spectrumofpure and applied topics. Most of the students were in Mathematics and Computer Science, with a handful ofbrave souls from other disciplines. Those other students usually found the courses quite difficult. However, the applications were useful in a numberofareas. The teaching of discrete topics has evolved into two streams. The more math­ ematical parts are studied in courses called Discrete Mathematics, and more ad­ vanced, more rigorous courses called Combinatorics, or named for specific areas (Graph Theory, Combinatorial Designs, Cryptography, and so on). Introductions to those areas of applicable discrete mathematics used by students in business, management and the social sciences are usually called Finite Mathematics, and e1ementary courses on this material are now standard at many colleges and uni­ versities.These courses are typically offered at the freshman level although many students take them later in their careers.