Electric control of magnetic properties, or inversely, magnetic control of dielectric properties in solids, is called a magnetoelectric effect and has long been investigated from the point of view of both fundamental physics and potential application. Magnetic and dielectric properties usually show minimal coupling, but it recently has been discovered that magnetically induced ferroelectricity in some spiral magnets enables remarkably large and versatile magnetoelectric responses. To stabilize such helimagnetism, magnetic frustration (competition between different magnetic interactions) is considered the key. In the present work, two of the most typical frustrated spin systems—triangular lattice antiferromagnets and edge-shared chain magnets—have systematically been investigated. Despite the crystallographic simplicity of target systems, rich magnetoelectric responses are ubiquitously observed. The current results published here offer a useful guideline in the search for new materials with unique magnetoelectric functions, and also provide an important basis for a deeper understanding of magnetoelectric phenomena in more complex systems.

Written by leading experts in the field, this book highlights an authoritative and comprehensive introduction to thermo-mechanically coupled cyclic deformation and fatigue failure of shape memory alloys. The book deals with: (1) experimental observations on the cyclic deformation and fatigue failure in the macroscopic and microscopic scales; (2) molecular dynamics and phase-field simulations for the thermo-mechanical behaviors and underlying mechanisms during cyclic deformation; (3) macroscopic phenomenological and crystal plasticity-based cyclic constitutive models; and (4) fatigue failure models.

Solid-state physics has for many years been one of the largest and most active areas of research in physics, and the physics of metals and semiconductors has in turn been one of the largest and most active areas in solid-state physics. Despite this, it is an area in which new and quite unexpected phenomena - such as the quantum Hall effect - are still being discovered, and in which many things are not yet fully understood. It forms an essential part of any undergraduate physics course. A number of textbooks on solid-state physics have appeared over the years and, because the subject has now grown so large, the books too have usually been large. By aiming at a more limited range of topics, I have tried in this book to cover them within a reasonably small compass. But I have also tried to avoid the phrase 'It can be shown that. . . ', as far as possible, and instead to explain to the reader just why things are the way they are; and sometimes this takes a little longer. I hope that some readers at least will find this approach helpful. 1 The free-electron model 1. 1 THE CLASSICAL DRUDE THEORY The characteristic properties of metals and semiconductors are due to their conduction electrons: the electrons in the outermost atomic shells, which in the solid state are no longer bound to individual atoms, but are free to wander through the solid.

This book helps unlock the root cause of abnormal grain growth in a commercial nickel alloy. The chapters explore the effects of different solution treating and aging techniques, showing how they impact the hardness properties of hot-rolled and cold-drawn Monel K-500. The book covers how high-frequency induction heat treating can lead to severe duplex microstructure, and uncovers the surprising differences between solution treating in vacuum and convection air furnaces. This book is helpful to anyone seeking to optimize the performance of metal alloys.

This book starts with a theoretical introduction of the rare earth materials, and it subsequently analyzes the essential characteristics of these materials from elements, compounds to physical chemistry and metal materials, etc. Under the supplementary explanation of experimental data and results, the research is gradually guided into the multi-domain application scene. Through extensive analyses, this book displays comprehensively the distinguished values of the rare earth materials and the theoretical, empirical, and practical significance of rare earth materials is unraveled. It also covers an exhaustive review of 17 rare earth elements, their characteristics, and more possibilities in physical chemistry, functional materials, metallurgy, composites and engineering, and their prospects in production and technical applications. In-depth account of the whole spectrum of rare earth material research makes this book a unique reference to academic researchers, students, and engineers.

This collection explores all aspects of metallurgical processing, materials behavior, and microstructural performance for the distinct class of 718-type superalloys and derivatives. Technical topics focus on alloy and process development, production, product applications, trends, and the development of advanced modeling tools. New developments in R&D, new processing methods, 3D printing, and other nontraditional applications also are covered.

This book summarizes recent developments in multicomponent materials. It discusses properties, processing, modeling, and applications of high-entropy materials, including metallic alloys and oxides.

The definitive standard reference on the topic - now in its second, expanded edition with 20% more content and new chapters about ionic liquids, high pressure chemistry, the use of microwave technology and many more.

This thesis describes in-depth studies of the remarkable electronic transport within the ultrahigh conductivity delafossite metals PtCoO_2 and PdCoO_2 using the tool of focused ion beam (FIB) microstucturing. Despite being first synthesised over 50 years ago, important questions remain regarding both the origin of the unusually high conductivity of these compounds and the consequences of their unique properties for unconventional electronic transport, such as that within the ballistic regime. The thesis explores both these areas.

This volume presents the basics of liquid crystals as well as discusses their applications in optics and field sensing. The book discusses the interfacing of liquid crystal displays and the programming required for these displays.

Die Werkstoffkunde bildet – zusammen mit der Werkstoffwissenschaft – die Grundlage für die werkstoffgerechte Konstruktion, sichere Dimensionierung und werkstoffangepasste Herstellung von Bauteilen. Nach der Einführung in die Grundlagen der Werkstoffwissenschaft werden in diesem gut eingeführten Lehrbuch die Anwendungsaspekte der Werkstoffe behandelt. Insbesondere die mechanischen Eigenschaften und das Verhalten von Werkstoffgruppen unter unterschiedlichen Umgebungs- und Belastungsbedingungen werden erläutert. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Verarbeitung und der funktions- bzw.

This second edition updates and expands on the class-tested first edition text, augmenting discussion of dynamic strain aging and austenitic stainless steels and adding a section on analysis of nickel-base superalloys that shows how the mechanical threshold stress (MTS) model, an internal state variable constitutive formulation, can be used to de-convolute synergistic effects. The new edition retains a clear and rigorous presentation of the theory, mechanistic basis, and application of the MTS model. Students are introduced to critical competencies such as crystal structure, dislocations, thermodynamics of slip, dislocation–obstacle interactions, deformation kinetics, and hardening through dislocation accumulation.

Inorganic nanoparticles are among the most investigated objects nowadays, both in fundamental science and in various technical applications. In this book the physical properties of nanowires formed by nanoparticles with elongated shape, i.e. rod-like or wire-like, are described. The transition in the physical properties is analyzed for nanorods and nanowires consisting of spherical and rod-like nanoparticles. The physical properties of nanowires and elongated inorganic nanoparticles are reviewed too. The optical, electrical, magnetic, mechanical and catalytic properties of nanowires consisting of semiconductors, noble and various other metals, metal oxides properties and metal alloys are presented. The applications of nanorods and nanowires are discussed in the book.