This book contains a selection of research papers presented at the 11th and 12th International Ship Stability Workshops (Wageningen, 2010 and Washington DC, 2011) and the 11th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles (Athens, 2012).

The purpose of the book is a mathematical and experimental study of extreme, multivalued waves based on scalar field equations. It is known that Einstein tried to build a unified (interdisciplinary) field theory that would unite all interactions in Nature into a single system. The book uses this idea, supplemented by the idea that all fundamental interactions have a wave, resonant, nonlinear nature. The theoretical foundation of the book also consists of the results of Leonard Euler.

The purpose of the book is a mathematical and experimental study of extreme, multivalued waves based on scalar field equations. It is known that Einstein tried to build a unified (interdisciplinary) field theory that would unite all interactions in Nature into a single system. The book uses this idea, supplemented by the idea that all fundamental interactions have a wave, resonant, nonlinear nature. The theoretical foundation of the book also consists of the results of Leonard Euler.

A variety of nonlinear effects occur in a plasma. First, there are the wave­ steepening effects which can occur in any fluid in which the propagation speed depends upon the wave-amplitude. In a dispersive medium this can lead to classes of nonlinear waves which may have stationary solutions like solitons and shocks. Because the plasma also acts like an inherently nonlinear dielectric resonant interactions among waves lead to exchange of energy among them. Further, an electromagnetic wave interacting with a plasma may parametrically excite other waves in the plasma. A large-amplitude Langmuir wave undergoes a modulational instability which arises through local depressions in plasma density and the corresponding increases in the energy density of the wave electric field. Whereas a field collapse occurs in two and three dimensions, in a one-dimensional case, spatially localized stationary field structures called Langmuir solitons can result. Many other plasma waves like upper-hybrid waves, lower-hybrid waves etc.

Knowledge of and skill in physics are essential foundations for studies in science and engineering. This book offers students an introduction to the basic concepts and principles of physics. It covers various topics specifically related to waves, sound, electricity, magnetism, and optics. Each chapter begins with a summary of concepts, principles, definitions, and formulae to be discussed, as well as ending with problems and solutions that illustrate the specific topic. Steps are detailed to help build reasoning and understanding. There are 250 worked problems and 100 exercises in the book, as well as 280 figures to help the reader visualize the processes being addressed. Computer calculations and solutions are carried out using wxMaxima to give insight and help build computational skills. The book is aimed at first-year undergraduate students studying introductory physics, and would also be useful for physics teachers in their instruction, particularly the exercises at the end of each chapter.

How do waves break and what makes good surf?
What are dangerous rip currents and how do you spot one?
What would you do if you got caught in one?

In recent years there has been growing interest in the study of the nonlinear spatio-temporal dynamics of problems appearing in various ?elds of science and engineering. In a wide class of such systems an important place is - cupied by active lattice dynamical systems. Active lattice systems are, e. g. , networks of identical or almost identical interacting units ordered in space. The activity of lattices is provided by the activity of units in them that possess energy or matter sources. In real (1D, 2D or 3D) space, processes develop by means of various types of connections, the simplest being di?usion. The uniqueness of lattice systems is that they represent spatially extended systems while having a ?nite-dimensional phase space. Therefore, active lattice s- tems are of interest for the study of multidimensional dynamical systems and the theory of nonlinear waves and dissipative structures of extended systems as well. The theory of nonlinear waves and dissipative structures of spatially distributed systems demands using theoretical methods and approaches of the qualitative theory of dynamical systems, bifurcation theory, and numerical methods or computer experiments. In other words, the investigation of spat- temporal dynamics in active lattice systems demands a multitool, synergetic approach, which we shall use in this book.

The author dedicates this book to readers who are concerned with finding out the status of concepts, statements and hypotheses, and with clarifying and rearranging them in a logical order.

This book is an English translation from a Hungarian book designed for graduate and postgraduate students about the use of variational principles in theoretical physics. Unlike many academic textbooks, it dashes across several lecture disciplines taught in physics courses. It emphasizes and demonstrates the use of the variational technique and philosophy behind the basic laws in mechanics, relativity theory, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics. The book is meant for advanced students and young researchers in theoretical physics but, also, more experienced researchers can benefit from its reading.

This book contains a selection of research papers presented at the 11th and 12th International Ship Stability Workshops (Wageningen, 2010 and Washington DC, 2011) and the 11th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles (Athens, 2012).

This book is the second of two volumes which have been created to provide an understanding of the basic principles and applications of electromagnetic fields for electrical engineering students. Fundamentals of Electromagnetics Vol 2: Quasistatics and Waves examines how the low-frequency models of lumped elements are modified to include parasitic elements. For even higher frequencies, wave behavior in space and on transmission lines is explained. Finally, the textbook concludes with details of transmission line properties and applications. Upon completion of this book and its companion Fundamentals of Electromagnetics Vol 1: Internal Behavior of Lumped Elements, with a focus on the DC and low-frequency behavior of electromagnetic fields within lumped elements, students will have gained the necessary knowledge to progress to advanced studies of electromagnetics..

This book is an abbreviated, partly re-written version of "Under the Radar - The First Woman in Radio Astronomy: Ruby Payne-Scott." It addresses a general readership interested in historical and sociological aspects of astronomy and presents the biography of Ruby Payne-Scott (1912 – 1981). As the first female radio astronomer (and one of the first people in the world to consider radio astronomy), she made classic contributions to solar radio physics.