This updated/augmented second edition retains it class-tested content and pedagogy as a core text for graduate courses in advanced fluid mechanics and applied science. The new edition adds revised sections, clarification, problems, and chapter extensions including a rewritten section on Schauder bases for turbulent pipe flow, coverage of Cantwell’s mixing length closure for turbulent pipe flow, and a section on the variational Hessian. Consisting of two parts, the first provides an introduction and general theory of fully developed turbulence, where treatment of turbulence is based on the linear functional equation derived by E. Hopf governing the characteristic functional that determines the statistical properties of a turbulent flow. In this section, Professor Kollmann explains how the theory is built on divergence free Schauder bases for the phase space of the turbulent flow and the space of argument vector fields for the characteristic functional. The second segment, presented over subsequent chapters, is devoted to mapping methods, homogeneous turbulence based upon the hypotheses of Kolmogorov and Onsager, intermittency, structural features of turbulent shear flows and their recognition.

Many phenomena in the physical and biological sciences involve the collective behaviour of (very large) numbers of individual objects. For example, the be­ haviour of gases ultimately concerns the interacting motions of uncountably many atoms and molecules, but to understand flow in nozzles, around aircraft and in meteorology it is best to treat velocity and density as continuous func­ tions of position and time and then to analyse the associated flows. Although modern electronics involves ever smaller components, even the semiconduc­ tor devices used widely in electronic communications and in digital processing involve collective phenomena, such as electric currents and fields, which are continuously varying functions of position and time. Diffusion and reaction between various chemical constituents, the growth and spread of biological or­ ganisms and the flow of traffic on major highways are all phenomena which may be described and analysed in terms of fields and flows, while sound, light and various other electromagnetic phenomena involve both fields and waves. Treating these using a continuum model, which does not attempt to trace the motion and evolution of individual objects, often gives good predictions. The mathematical concepts and techniques which underlie such treatments are the subject of this book. This book is designed as a first introduction to the use of mathematical techniques, within continuum theories.

This text provides a rigorous, wide-ranging introduction to modern constructive analysis for anyone with a strong mathematical background who is interested in the challenge of developing mathematics algorithmically. The authors begin by outlining the history of constructive mathematics, and the logic and set theory that are used throughout the book. They then present a new construction of the real numbers, followed by the fundamentals of the constructive theory of metric and normed spaces; the lambda-technique (a special method that enables one to prove many results that appear, at first sight, to be nonconstructive); finite- dimensional and Hilbert spaces; and convexity, separation, and Hahn-Banach theorems. The book ends with a long chapter in which the work of the preceding ones is applied to operator theory and other aspects of functional analysis. Many results and proofs, especially in the later chapters, are of relatively recent origin.

Variational analysis has been recognized as a fruitful area in mathematics that on the one hand deals with the study of optimization and equilibrium problems and on the other hand applies optimization, perturbation, and approximation ideas to the analysis of a broad range of problems that may not be of a variational natur. One of the most characteristic features of modern variational analysis is the intrinsic presence of nonsmoothness, which naturally enters not only through initial data of optimization-related problems but largely via variational principles and perturbation techniques. Thus generalized differential lies at the hear of variational analysis and its applications.

A glorious period of Hungarian mathematics started in 1900 when Lipót Fejér discovered the summability of Fourier series.This was followed by the discoveries of his disciples in Fourier analysis and in the theory of analytic functions. At the same time Frederic (Frigyes) Riesz created functional analysis and Alfred Haar gave the first example of wavelets. Later the topics investigated by Hungarian mathematicians broadened considerably, and included topology, operator theory, differential equations, probability, etc. The present volume, the first of two, presents some of the most remarkable results achieved in the twentieth century by Hungarians in analysis, geometry and stochastics.

"…the author has packaged an excellent and modern set of topics around the development and use of quantitative models…. If you need to learn about resampling, this book would be a good place to start." Technometrics (Review of the Second Edition)