This volume is based on the proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of North America's 23rd Annual Meet­ ing on "Phytochemical Adaptations to Stress" which was held at the University of Arizona, Tucson, July 5-8, 1983. It contains a series of articles which focus on our current knowledge on the production of secondary (natural) metabolites by higher plants in response to biological and physiological stresses. The editors of this volume are deeply indebted to a number of people and organizations for their support and contributions which were critical to the success of this scientific meeting. Generous grant support was provided by the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agricul­ ture. Additional financial support came from the Phytochemical Society of North America. Indispensable services and personnel were donated by the Departments of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the College of Agriculture and the Office of Arid Lands Studies of the University of Arizona. Special recognition is due to Paul Mirocha of the Office of Arid Lands Studies for his drawing of the frontispiece and the superb photograph on the jacket. The Division of Conferences and Short Courses of the University of Arizona deserves credit for its pivotal role in maintaining a well-run and pleasant conference. Many other volunteers gave their time and energy to make the Symposium a success; we wish to mention two from the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brian Week and Catherine L. Buckner.

This book delves into the structural diversity of flavonoids found throughout the plant kingdom, the evolution of flavonoid biosynthesis genes in plants, and the molecular interaction of flavonoids with growth hormones. The metabolic routes of flavonoids are thoroughly investigated using both biochemical and molecular biology methods, and the book elucidates the links between genes/proteins and metabolites, as well as between metabolites. The book also explores the interplay between flavonoid metabolism and external environmental factors that are subject to continuous change.

This book explores these recent developments in detail, revealing new perspectives and applications of essential oils. It combines historical knowledge with the latest research to provide a comprehensive overview of the field.