Karlheinz Stöckhausen - Gruppen für drei Orchester
Avant-garde | Universal Edition | PDF | 149 Pages | 15 MB
Avant-garde | Universal Edition | PDF | 149 Pages | 15 MB
Gruppen ("Groups") for three orchestras (1955-57) is amongst the best-known works of German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen. In it, a large group of 109 players is divided into three orchestral units, each with its own conductor, which are deployed in a horseshoe shape to the left, front, and right of the audience. The spatial separation was principally motivated by the compositional requirement of keeping simultaneously played yet musically separate passages distinct from one another, but led to some orgiastic passages in which a single musical process passes from one orchestra to another. The title refers to the work's construction in 174 units, mainly composed in what Stockhausen terms "groups"—cohesive groupings of notes unified through one or more common characteristics (dynamics, instrumental color, register, etc.). This category is contrasted with the "punctual" style of early Darmstadt serialism, which nevertheless also occurs in Gruppen, along with a third category of "statistical" swarms or crowds, too dense for the listener to be able to accurately distinguish individual notes or their order of succession.
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