LSO, Gardiner - Stravinsky - Oedipus Rex & Apollon Musagete (2018) {B&W Society of Sound no. 86 Digital Download 16-44.1}
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© 2018 LSO / B&W Society of Sound | LSO92 / SoS no. 86
Classical / Early 20th Century / Neo-Classical
Based on Sophocles' famous tragedy, Stravinsky's grippingly powerful Oedipus Rex represents the pinnacle of his neo-classical style, using the chorus and aria structure of that earlier period to great dramatic effect. Similarly drwing inspiration from classical antiquity, the ballet Apollom musagete evokes the grand French tradition of the 17th and 18th centuries, its two tableaux displaying rich string harmonies and textures that are pleasantly mesmerising, expressive and calmly indulgent.
Born near St Peterburg in 1882, by 1920 Stravinsky had settled in France, eventually becoming a French citizen in 1934. During this period, he moved away from his Russian style, influenced by his time under the tutelage of Rimsky-Korsakov, towards a new ‘neo-classical’ style. The idea for ‘an opera in Latin on the subject of a tragedy of the ancient world, with which everyone would be familiar’, was essentially Stravinsky’s own, as is proved by a letter to Jean Cocteau (who wrote the libretto in French, which was then translated into Latin) of October 1925, setting out the terms of their collaboration. The eventual form of Oedipus Rex, a story that needs little by way of introduction, suggests Baroque oratorio as a model, with its alternation of recitative, aria and chorus, as well as the central role of the narrator (or, as here, the Speaker, who is ostensibly explaining the plot in the language of the audience – French, in this case). Sir John Eliot Gardiner gathered an outstanding cast for this performance, led by Jennifer Johnston and Stuart Skelton, with narration provided by internationally renowned French actress Fanny Ardant.
Apollon musagète provides a nicely contrasting mood to the heavy drama of Oedipus Rex. Similarly written during Stravinsky’s neo-classical period, it was the first ballet Stravinsky wrote for a company other than Diaghilev’s (the Ballets Russes, for whom he had written his “hits” The Rite of Spring, The Firebird, and Petrushka). It was also his first commission from the United States, to where he would later move, becoming a naturalised US citizen in 1945. The Library of Congress specified a pantomime for three or four dancers and small orchestra on a subject of the composer’s choice, to which Stravinsky responded with the first of his abstract, plot-less, ballets, and his first ever work for string orchestra. Yet, Apollon must surely be one of the most surprising commissions in history for the commissioner. Stravinsky, the well-known exponent of modern music, still best known for The Rite of Spring but with a recent reputation for “steely formalism”, produced a melting, graceful score for strings that sounded suspiciously like an attempt to revive the French Romantic ballet of Adolphe Adam and Léo Delibes. It was choreographed by a young George Balanchine, another Russian émigré, who co-founded the New York City Ballet and, like Stravinsky, had connections with Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes.
bowers-wilkins.com INFO
Producer & Audio Editor: Nicholas Parker
Balance engineer: Jonathan Stokes (Classic Sound Ltd)
Recording engineer: Neil Hutchinson (Classic Sound Ltd)
Mixing & mastering: Classic Sound Ltd
Recorded: Live on 25 April and 1 May 2013, Barbican Hall, London
Track Listing
01 - Oedipus Rex 01 Prologue and Act I i Spectateurs
02 - Oedipus Rex 02. Act I ii Voici Creon
03 - Oedipus Rex 03 Act I iii Oedipe interroge
04 - Oedipus Rex 04. Act II i Gloria, gloria, gloria!
05 - Oedipus Rex 05. Act II ii Le temoin du meurtre
06 - Oedipus Rex 06. Act II iii Et maintenant, vous allez entendre
07 - Apollon musagete 01. Premier Tableau - Naissance d'Apollon
08 - Apollon musagete 02. Second Tableau - Variation d'Apollon
09 - Apollon musagete 03. Second Tableau - Pas d'action
10 - Apollon musagete 04. Second Tableau - Variation de Calliope
11 - Apollon musagete 05. Second Tableau - Variation de Polymnie
12 - Apollon musagete 06. Second Tableau - Variation de Terpsichore
13 - Apollon musagete 07. Second Tableau - Variation d'Apollon
14 - Apollon musagete 08. Second Tableau - Pas de deux
15 - Apollon musagete 09. Second Tableau - Coda
16 - Apollon musagete 10 Second Tableau - Apotheose
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